The Central Bank of Ecuador is an autonomous public institution that began operations on August 10, 1927. Since then, it has been primarily responsible for implementing monetary policies and preparing and publishing macroeconomic statistics, which are essential for decision-making at the government and business levels. Additionally, until 2000, it was responsible for issuing banknotes and coins.

Currently, its main lines of action have also focused on strengthening dollarization, protecting international reserves, ensuring economic liquidity, diversifying means of payment, and promoting monetary education.